One clear point of concern for the IMF is the reverberations felt across the world from the invasion of Ukraine.
The result of the invasion led to an influx of bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies flooding into the hands of those that needed it most.
Not only can payment disruptions happen with bitcoin, but the IMF is also concerned about the quantity of central bank digital currencies being developed.
This fragmentation increases in severity as nation-states begin to act outside the purview of the established world order.
While economic sanctions may slow down the pace of the Russian ruble, bitcoin historically appreciates in an extreme manner allowing participants in the network to not only function in the crumbling financial system of the world order, but profit.
The IMF mentions that central bank digital currencies may stagnate some of the growth being experienced by bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies with the emergence of central bank digital currencies.